What Is a Customer Worth?
Results
Visualization
How It Works
LTV = AOV x Purchase Frequency x Lifespan x Gross Margin%. It is the total gross-profit a customer generates. Use margin (not revenue) so acquisition spending stays profitable. This is the standard CLV formula; pair it with CAC for the LTV:CAC ratio.
What Should You Do?
Scenario 1: lifting lifespan from 3 to 5 years nearly doubles LTV — retention is cheaper than acquisition. Scenario 2: a 10-point margin gain raises LTV by 25%. Scenario 3: if frequency is uncertain, model a range — LTV is sensitive to retention.
Frequently Asked Questions
Revenue or profit LTV?
Use gross-profit LTV so acquisition math stays honest; revenue LTV overstates what you can spend.
How do I find lifespan?
From your own churn/repurchase data; industry benchmarks are a fallback, not a substitute.
Why pair with CAC?
LTV alone is vanity; LTV:CAC tells you if growth is profitable. See our LTV:CAC tool.
Authoritative References
- Investopedia — Customer Lifetime Value — CLV formula and drivers.
- Corporate Finance Institute — LTV — LTV and unit economics.